Saw Tools

Blog & guides

Nine long-form guides exploring what our tools enable. No empty listicles, no filler — each article offers a sourced, useful technical viewpoint.

Why these guides?

An online tool rarely answers everything on its own. You generate a password — but how long does it really hold up against a modern attack? You encode something in Base64 — but when does that signal a security mistake (Base64 is not encryption)? You convert an HSL color — but why does your gradient turn grey in the middle? The tools answer the practical question; the guides answer the conceptual one.

Our editorial approach is straightforward: one long-form guide per tool, written by a human or reviewed by a human, sourced (RFCs, ISO standards, academic papers, reference articles), and oriented toward what you need to make an informed choice. No AI slop, no keyword stuffing, no "discover 10 tricks that will amaze you". The bar is set near a good technical article in a specialised journal — accessible but uncompromising on accuracy.

All our guides are free and accessible without signup. Some include contextual affiliate links (notably our password manager comparison); these are systematically labelled and never override our recommendations — for instance we recommend Bitwarden which has no affiliate program at all.

May 19, 2026 · Security · 14 min

Password anatomy: entropy, attacks, and the math behind a secure password

Entropy formally explained, dictionary and brute-force attacks, 2026 RTX 5090 crack-time calculations, EFF Diceware passphrases, WebAuthn passkeys and FIDO2. To truly understand what makes a password strong.

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May 19, 2026 · Cryptography · 18 min

Randomness in computing: PRNG, CSPRNG, and true randomness

Why Math.random() is unsafe, how CSPRNGs work (ChaCha20, Fortuna), quantum generators (ANU, LavaRand), NIST SP 800-22 statistical tests, and the modulo-bias trap.

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May 19, 2026 · Design · 15 min

Web colors explained: RGB, HSL, OKLCH and accessibility

Why so many color models, the rise of OKLCH in 2026, sRGB vs P3 vs Rec.2020 gamuts, WCAG vs APCA contrast, and how to test for color blindness. Modern CSS included.

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May 19, 2026 · Development · 14 min

Base64 explained: encoding, security, and real use cases

The 64-character alphabet, URL-safe and MIME variants, legitimate use cases (Data URI, JWT, Basic Auth, PEM), and the cardinal trap: Base64 is NOT encryption. Python, JS, Node, PHP examples.

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May 19, 2026 · Security · 16 min

QR codes: the complete guide from generation to security

The surprising history of QR codes (Denso Wave 1994), anatomy of a code, L/M/Q/H error levels, static vs dynamic, EMVCo payment, and the 2024-2026 "quishing" explosion.

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May 19, 2026 · Development · 15 min

Markdown: the complete guide from syntax to professional tools

Gruber and Swartz history (2004), full syntax, CommonMark vs GFM vs Pandoc, MDX and Mermaid, the editor ecosystem (Obsidian, Notion, Logseq), and why LLMs adopted Markdown as their pivot format.

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May 19, 2026 · Math · 16 min

Scientific computing: mastering advanced math

From the HP-35 (1972) to modern apps: circular and hyperbolic trigonometry, ln vs log vs log₂, factorials, mathematical constants, IEEE 754 and the floating-point trap (0.1 + 0.2 ≠ 0.3).

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May 19, 2026 · Sciences · 14 min

Unit conversion: the complete guide (SI, imperial, pitfalls, 2019 redefinition)

The 1875 Convention of the Metre, the historic 2019 kilogram redefinition via the Planck constant, UK vs US gallons, the 1999 Mars Climate Orbiter crash, and the GB vs GiB trap in computing.

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May 7, 2026 · Security · 12 min

Why use a password manager? The complete 2026 guide

Detailed comparison of Proton Pass, NordPass, Dashlane, and Bitwarden. Zero-knowledge encryption explained, lessons from the 2022 LastPass breach, and a 30-minute adoption protocol.

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How to navigate this collection

If you arrive from a specific tool, the tool page links directly to its companion guide. If you explore by topic, here are three thematic entry points:

Happy reading. For feedback or topic suggestions, write to contact@saw-tools.me.